Spring Boot提供了对应的Starter，maven坐标：
<code class="language-xml"><dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency></code>
Spring Data Redis中提供了一个高度封装的类：RedisTemplate，针对 Jedis 客户端中大量api进行了归类封装,将同一类型操作封装为operation接口，具体分类如下：
- ValueOperations：简单K-V操作
- SetOperations：set类型数据操作
- ZSetOperations：zset类型数据操作
- HashOperations：针对hash类型的数据操作
- ListOperations：针对list类型的数据操作
5.3.2 使用方式
5.3.2.1 环境搭建
第一步：创建maven项目springdataredis_demo，配置pom.xml文件
<code class="language-xml"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.4.5</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
<artifactId>springdataredis_demo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4.5</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project></code>
第二步：编写启动类
<code class="language-java">package com.itheima;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class,args);
}
}</code>
第三步：配置application.yml
<code class="language-yaml">spring:
application:
name: springdataredis_demo
#Redis相关配置
redis:
host: localhost
port: 6379
#password: 123456
database: 0 #操作的是0号数据库
jedis:
#Redis连接池配置
pool:
max-active: 8 #最大连接数
max-wait: 1ms #连接池最大阻塞等待时间
max-idle: 4 #连接池中的最大空闲连接
min-idle: 0 #连接池中的最小空闲连接</code>
解释说明：
spring.redis.database：指定使用Redis的哪个数据库，Redis服务启动后默认有16个数据库，编号分别是从0到15。
可以通过修改Redis配置文件来指定数据库的数量。
第四步：提供配置类
<code class="language-java">package com.itheima.config;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
/**
* Redis配置类
*/
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport {
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
//默认的Key序列化器为：JdkSerializationRedisSerializer
redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
return redisTemplate;
}
}</code>
解释说明：
当前配置类不是必须的，因为 Spring Boot 框架会自动装配 RedisTemplate 对象，但是默认的key序列化器为JdkSerializationRedisSerializer，导致我们存到Redis中后的数据和原始数据有差别
第五步：提供测试类
<code class="language-java">package com.itheima.test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class SpringDataRedisTest {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
}</code>
5.3.2.2 操作字符串类型数据
<code class="language-java">/**
* 操作String类型数据
*/
@Test
public void testString(){
//存值
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("city123","beijing");
//取值
String value = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("city123");
System.out.println(value);
//存值，同时设置过期时间
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("key1","value1",10l, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
//存值，如果存在则不执行任何操作
Boolean aBoolean = redisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent("city1234", "nanjing");
System.out.println(aBoolean);
}</code>
5.3.2.3 操作哈希类型数据
<code class="language-java">/**
* 操作Hash类型数据
*/
@Test
public void testHash(){
HashOperations hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
//存值
hashOperations.put("002","name","xiaoming");
hashOperations.put("002","age","20");
hashOperations.put("002","address","bj");
//取值
String age = (String) hashOperations.get("002", "age");
System.out.println(age);
//获得hash结构中的所有字段
Set keys = hashOperations.keys("002");
for (Object key : keys) {
System.out.println(key);
}
//获得hash结构中的所有值
List values = hashOperations.values("002");
for (Object value : values) {
System.out.println(value);
}
}</code>
5.3.2.4 操作列表类型数据
<code class="language-java">/**
* 操作List类型的数据
*/
@Test
public void testList(){
ListOperations listOperations = redisTemplate.opsForList();
//存值
listOperations.leftPush("mylist","a");
listOperations.leftPushAll("mylist","b","c","d");
//取值
List<String> mylist = listOperations.range("mylist", 0, -1);
for (String value : mylist) {
System.out.println(value);
}
//获得列表长度 llen
Long size = listOperations.size("mylist");
int lSize = size.intValue();
for (int i = 0; i < lSize; i++) {
//出队列
String element = (String) listOperations.rightPop("mylist");
System.out.println(element);
}
}</code>
5.3.2.5 操作集合类型数据
<code class="language-java">/**
* 操作Set类型的数据
*/
@Test
public void testSet(){
SetOperations setOperations = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
//存值
setOperations.add("myset","a","b","c","a");
//取值
Set<String> myset = setOperations.members("myset");
for (String o : myset) {
System.out.println(o);
}
//删除成员
setOperations.remove("myset","a","b");
//取值
myset = setOperations.members("myset");
for (String o : myset) {
System.out.println(o);
}
}</code>
5.3.2.6 操作有序集合类型数据
<code class="language-java">/**
* 操作ZSet类型的数据
*/
@Test
public void testZset(){
ZSetOperations zSetOperations = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
//存值
zSetOperations.add("myZset","a",10.0);
zSetOperations.add("myZset","b",11.0);
zSetOperations.add("myZset","c",12.0);
zSetOperations.add("myZset","a",13.0);
//取值
Set<String> myZset = zSetOperations.range("myZset", 0, -1);
for (String s : myZset) {
System.out.println(s);
}
//修改分数
zSetOperations.incrementScore("myZset","b",20.0);
//取值
myZset = zSetOperations.range("myZset", 0, -1);
for (String s : myZset) {
System.out.println(s);
}
//删除成员
zSetOperations.remove("myZset","a","b");
//取值
myZset = zSetOperations.range("myZset", 0, -1);
for (String s : myZset) {
System.out.println(s);
}
}</code>
5.3.2.7 通用操作
<code class="language-java">/**
* 通用操作，针对不同的数据类型都可以操作
*/
@Test
public void testCommon(){
//获取Redis中所有的key
Set<String> keys = redisTemplate.keys("*");
for (String key : keys) {
System.out.println(key);
}
//判断某个key是否存在
Boolean itcast = redisTemplate.hasKey("itcast");
System.out.println(itcast);
//删除指定key
redisTemplate.delete("myZset");
//获取指定key对应的value的数据类型
DataType dataType = redisTemplate.type("myset");
System.out.println(dataType.name());
}</code>
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